Original Usenet thread from alt.ascii-art, started 4 Jan 1995.
All
alt.ascii-art
· 6 messages · 4 Jan 1995 - 6 Jan 1995
Is there anyone out there who is familiar with ENCORE, an music notation system? Contact Jerry Jaffe via the board or 708-677-2752. Thanks.
I'm a microbiology major and am interested in any ascii art that pertains to biology or chemistry. Does anyone have art that might be related to genetics (maybe a well-done DNA helix, e.g.), microorganisms, laboratory items, etc. ? I'm not looking for anything complex. Plus, I'm looking for things on the smaller side -- not horses, cows, birds, and other various animals. That's a bit too broad for the biology- related subjects I'm interested in. Thanks in advance! -- Cari
Spontaneously (delta G<0), Cari Smithrud <smi...@lamar.ColoState.EDU> wrote: > >I'm a microbiology major and am interested in any ascii >art that pertains to biology or chemistry. Does anyone >have art that might be related to genetics (maybe a well-done >DNA helix, e.g.), microorganisms, laboratory items, etc. ? >Thanks in advance! > >-- Cari Here's some of the things I've collected or made... This is my attempt at a virus...still needs some editing: /'\ | | . .\,/. . /'\| H |/'\ /' |\H/| '\ / | | '\ A vertical DNA strand (I don't know who did it, but it makes a nice border for letters sent to other science types...) 6098)o%:::%o(860 098)o%:::%o(8609 6o%:%o(86098) (86098)o 6098)o%::%o9 098)o%::::::%o9 6o%::::::%o(860 6o%::%o(8609 o(86098) (86098)o%:%o9 6098)o%:::%o(860 098)o%:::%o(8609 6o%:%o(86098) (86098)o 6098)o%::%o9 098)o%::::::%o9 6o%::::::%o(860 6o%::%o(8609 o(86098) (86098)o%:%o9 6098)o%:::%o(860 098)o%:::%o(8609 Here's something more in line with physiology rather than bio/chem but here it is anyway... THE NEPHRON OF THE KIDNEY ========================= glomerulus ___ distal proximal _______.' _`. __ __ convuluted tubule ,' ______ (=_< ,' ',,,' `. tubule , ,' `.._..' | ,''. .'', | | | | | ''' | | ` `._______ | | | | `._______ ', | | | | ', ' | | | | cortical | | | | | | collecting duct thin descending | | | | | | limb | | | | thick | | | | | | ascending | | | | | limb | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Loop of | | | | | | Henle | '. .' | .'|`. DCAU `._'''_,' | ''' \|/ ' HEART ===== | \ \ | |/ / | |\ `' ' / | ;'aorta \ / , pulmonary | ; _, | / / , arteries superior | | ( `-.;_,-' '-' , vena cava | `, `-._ _,-'_ |,-`. `.) ,<_,-'_, pulmonary ,' `. / ,' `;-' _, veins ; `./ /`, \-' | right / | ;\ |\ | atrium ;_,._|_, `, ' \ | \ \ ` `, ` __ ` \ left ;, \ ,' ` \, ventricle \_( ;, ;; | \ `;, ;; inferior | |`. `;;, ;' vena cava | | `-. ;;;;,;' | | |`-.._ ,;;;;;' | | | | ``';;;' FL aorta Some chemistry (some interesting substances) but it's good to help you get an idea on how to make some of the structures, i.e. cyclohexane ring, etc... From: che...@widomaker.com (Alison Rosenstengel) Not *exactly* vitamin C: CH3 | N / | ______/ | / \ CH2 _____/ \__|__ O // \\ / | \\ // // \\______/___CH2 \\ + CH3C--Cl -----------> \ / \ / \______/ \_____/ / ------ \ / \ OH \ / OH O Morphine CH3 | N / | ______/ | / \ CH2 _____/ \__|__ // \\ / | \\ // \\______/___CH2 \\ \ / \ / \______/ \_____/ / ------ \ / \ CH3COO \ / OCOCH3 O Diactetylmorphine (Heroin) and here's my sig with a microscope included in it... ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Daniel C. Au !!! ,, !!' === '!!! ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!!! dca...@casbah.acns.nwu.edu !!! !! !!''' '''!!! !!'''''''''''!!!! __ !!! !! !!''' '''!!! !! !!!!!!!!! !!!! || Northwestern University !!! !! !!''' '' !!! !!,,,,, ,,,,,!!!! ====== Medical School !!! !! !! !! '''!!! !!!!!!! !!!!!!!!! | | Chicago, Illinois !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! !!!! !!!! !!!! | |__ ___ !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! ,,,, ,,,, !!!! | |-.\ {~._.~} Hi! !!! !!!!! !!!!! !!! !! !!!! !!!! !!!! |__| \\ ( Y ) / !!!,,,,,, ,,,,,,!!! !! !!!! !!!! !!!! || || ()~*~() !!!'''''' ''''''!!! !! '''' '''' !!!! ======__| (_)-(_) !!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ________||__ Mail: dca...@nwu.edu !!!,,,,,,,,,,,,,!!!,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,!!! /____________\ Finger for more info. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%dca...@casbah.acns.nwu.edu
C*A*F*F*E*I*N*E
Molecule
Out for a Morning Jog
/==N
/ |
CH---N |
3 \ |
\==|
/ \
/ \
O==< N--CH
\ / 3
N--<
/ \\
/ \\
CH O -- Jittlov
3
Cari Smithrud (smi...@lamar.ColoState.EDU) wrote:
: I'm a microbiology major and am interested in any ascii
: art that pertains to biology or chemistry. Does anyone
: have art that might be related to genetics (maybe a well-done
: DNA helix, e.g.), microorganisms, laboratory items, etc. ?
: I'm not looking for anything complex. Plus, I'm looking for
: things on the smaller side -- not horses, cows, birds, and other
: various animals. That's a bit too broad for the biology-
: related subjects I'm interested in.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table of Elements
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1A 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 8A
----- -----
1 | H | |He |
|---+---- --------------------+---|
2 |Li |Be | | B | C | N | O | F |Ne |
|---+---| |---+---+---+---+---+---|
3 |Na |Mg |3B 4B 5B 6B 7B | 8B |1B 2B |Al |Si | P | S |Cl |Ar |
|---+---+---------------------------------------+---+---+---+---+---+---|
4 | K |Ca |Sc |Ti | V |Cr |Mn |Fe |Co |Ni |Cu |Zn |Ga |Ge |As |Se |Br |Kr |
|---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---|
5 |Rb |Sr | Y |Zr |Nb |Mo |Tc |Ru |Rh |Pd |Ag |Cd |In |Sn |Sb |Te | I |Xe |
|---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---|
6 |Cs |Ba |LAN|Hf |Ta | W |Re |Os |Ir |Pt |Au |Hg |Tl |Pb |Bi |Po |At |Rn |
|---+---+---+------------------------------------------------------------
7 |Fr |Ra |ACT|
-------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
Lanthanide |La |Ce |Pr |Nd |Pm |Sm |Eu |Gd |Tb |Dy |Ho |Er |Tm |Yb |Lu |
|---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---|
Actinide |Ac |Th |Pa | U |Np |Pu |Am |Cm |Bk |Cf |Es |Fm |Md |No |Lw |
-------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
From: ndw...@konichiwa.cc.columbia.edu (Nikolaos Daniel Willmore)
Newsgroups: alt.ascii-art
Subject: Vitamin C.
Date: 17 Jan 1994 07:37:22 GMT
Organization: Columbia University
Lines: 66
Does this count? From another discusion,
In article <CJr...@ncifcrf.gov>, Jerry N. Alexandratos
<ale...@ncifcrf.gov> wrote:
>...(For the chemists, ascorbic acid doesn't have a free COOH group, only
>alcohols. It is acidic like phenol, C6H5OH.)
The real fun thing is that is IS like a free COOH group, more than it is
like a phenol. It is what synthetic chemists like to call a "vinylogous"
carboxylic acid, in that is has the RC(O)OH group but there is a C=C
(vinyl) group between the C and the OH, like this, RC(O)CH=CHOH. Putting
the C=C in there doesn't change things much! When you pull off the proton
(H+) the resulting RC(O)CH=CHO- is much like a normal carboxylate ion,
RC(O)O- except it is more delocalized due to the C=C so it is more stable.
Thus a vinylogous carboxylic acid is more acidic than a carboxylic acid
such as acetic acid (vinegar). However ascorbic acid has a second electron
donating OH connected to the C=C group that balances out the effect of the
C=C itself.
Phenol is not much of an acid, though it is easy to pull off it's proton
with bases. Ascorbic acid is slightly more acidic than acetic acid. Amino
acids aren't really acidic either since the proton from the COOH group is
normally attatched to the amino group, which is a base.
Ascorbic acid:
OH
|
HCOH <-Chiral center one
|
Chiral center two-> HC-O-C=O <-C=O similar to C=O of a carboxylic acid
| |
C===C-OH <-Electron donating OH
|
OH <- Acidic OH
My above comment about how it was a vinylogous carboxylic acid is
not exactly right since the C=O is connected to an O in the ring,
not a carbon like is the case for carboxylic acids. When you add
such an O to a
carboxylic acid R-C=O you get a "carbonic acid" group, R-O-C=O, but the
| |
OH OH
acidity doesn't change much (also, normal non-vinylogous carbonic
acids are quite unstable, as on deprotonation they tend to
spontaneously loose carbon dioxide, giving RO- which then is quite
basic and grabs the lost proton right back!).
Why is ascorbic acid an anti-oxidant? Because it itself is very easily
oxidized:
OH OH OH
| | |
HCOH HCOH HCOH
| | |
HC-O-C=O - 2H HC-O-C=O water HC-O-C=O
| | ---------> | | ------> | | Hydrated form of
C===C-OH O=C---C=O <----- O=C---C-OH dehydroascorbic acid.
| |
OH OH
Those two H atoms attatch to nasty things like free radicals, though
the actual details are very complicated, and involve HUGE enzymes
taking hold of the ascorbic acid and whatever it is reacting with.
Weee! This is fun.
-Nik
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
deoxyribose
HOCH2 O OH
|.' `.|
' H H `
|\|_|/|
H | | H
OH H
thymine
CH3
|
H ,,'. O
\// `.//
| |
| |
N. .N---H
`.'
||
O
adenine
H
/
H---N N H
\ / \\ /
\_____/ \\/
// \\ |
N ----N
\ /
/=====N
/
H
guanine
H
|
/ \\
/ N
N | O
\ ,,'. //
\// `//
| |
| |
N. .N--H
\\.'
|
N--H
/
H
cytosine
H
H---N |
\ .'.. H
\.' \\/
|| |
|| |
N. .N
`.'
||
||
O
base pairs
thiamine adenine
CH3
|
H ,,'. O- - - H---N N H
\// `.// \ / \\ /
| | \_____/ \\/
| | // \\ |
N. .N--------H- - -N ----N
H2C O / `.' \ /
|.' `./ || /=====N
' H H ` O / \
|\|_|/| H \ H
H |H N |__ H
H \/| |\|
, H H ,
|`. .'|
H O CH2
guanine cytosine
H
|
/ \\
/ N H
N | O- - -H---N |
\ ,,'. // \ .'.. H
\// `// \.' \\/
| | || |
| | || |
N. .N-------H- - - N. .N H
H2C O / \\.' `.' \ |__ H
|.' `./ | || \/| |\|
' H H ` N----------H- - - - -O , H H ,
|\|_|/| / |`. .'|
H |H H H O CH2
H
helix
.-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-. .-.-.
/ \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / / \ \ / /
/ `-`-' `-`-' `-`-' `-`-' `-`-' `-`-' `-`-' `-`-'
-Lee Thompson-Herbert-
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Cari Smithrud (smi...@lamar.ColoState.EDU) wrote:
: I'm a microbiology major and am interested in any ascii
: art that pertains to biology or chemistry. Does anyone
: have art that might be related to genetics (maybe a well-done
: DNA helix, e.g.), microorganisms, laboratory items, etc. ?
--------------------------------------------------------------------
From: sgr...@rhino.bocklabs.wisc.edu (jean-yves sgro)
Newsgroups: alt.ascii-art
Subject: Rhinovirus.ASCII
Date: 24 Feb 1994 15:12:52 GMT
Organization: Inst.for Virology, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison -USA-
Lines: 438
Keywords: Rhinovirus,Icosahedron,Proteins
I like to watch drawings on this newsgroup and I decided to try to
apply the ASCII concept to virology. It was quite a challange....
I usually deal with 3D full color rotatable graphics and this was
an interesting way to 'simplify' things a little bit. I originally
posted this on BIONET.VIROLOGY and the contents is indeed targettted
more towards a scientific audience. However I feel the ASCII lovers
of this group might be interested in the science / ascii drqwings I
made...
The most challanging drawing was that of the Beta-barrel protein
structure...
Enjoy or simply press 'n' if you are not interested! I would not like
to be caught in a flame war as I see them arise too often on many group
discussions...
Jean-Yves
.
.:.
.:::.
.:::::.
***.:::::::.***
*******.:::::::::.*******
********.:::::::::::.********
********.:::::::::::::.******** AND NOW,
*******.::::::'***`::::.*******
******.::::'*********`::.****** E N G A G E !!!!!
****.:::'*************`:.****
*.::'*****************`.*
.:' *************** .
.
___________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
A S C I I R H I N O V I R U S
_________________________________________
1994 Jean-Yves Sgro.
Institute for Molecular Virology- Madison Wi 53706 -USA-
sgr...@rhino.bocklabs.wisc.edu
Published on the Internet. Reproduction granted for educational purposes.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
(For a more General Reference: Picornaviridae and Their Replication
CHAPTER 20. Roland R. Rueckert. Virology. Second
Edition,edited by B.N. Fields, D.M. Knipe et al. Raven
Press, Ltd.,New-York - 1990)
___________________________________________________________________________
(Note: Each section starts with @- for easy search on the computer)
___________________________________________________________________________
@- CLASSIFICATION:
-----------------
Rhinovirus is part of the Picornaviridae family. That is the
*pico*rna*. 'PICO' means small, 'RNA' signifies that these are
single standed positive sense RNA viruses. Thus these represent
small RNA viruses.
The picornavirus family is divided in 5 Genera:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Genera Serotypes Members
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Enterovirus 3 Human polioviruses 1-3
1 Human hepatitis virus A
1 Theiler's murine
encephalomyelitis
.........
-Rhinovirus 100 Human rhinoviruses 1-100
2 Bovine rhinoviruses 1-2
-Aphtovirus 7 Foot-and-mouth disease virus 1-7
-Cardiovirus 1 Encephalomyocarditis (EMC), Mengo
-Unassigned >3 Equine rhinoviruses 1-2, Cricket paralysis.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@- POLYPROTEINS:
---------------
The single RNA is translated into a polyprotein that is subsequently
cleaved. The way the proteins cleave themselves out is slightly
different amongst the different genera.
For our structural purposes suffice it to say that the coat proteins
are products of the cleavage of the P1 precursor protein.
<-------- P1 -------->
---------------------------------------------------------------
Vpg---| VP0 | VP3 | VP1 |2A| 2B | 2C |3A|3B| 3C | 3D |
---------------------------------------------------------------
P1 - > VP0 VP3 VP1 and then
VP0 -> VP2 + VP4 once the virus has assembled.
Vpg (virion protein genome) is attached to the 5'end of the RNA.
@- COAT PROTEINS:
----------------
In shematics and color graphics and movie representations I use the
convention:
VP1 = blue
VP2 = green
VP3 = red
VP4 = yellow
Coat Protein Mass:
_______________________________________
| VP1 | VP2 | VP3 | VP4 | P1
32,300 28,500 26,200 7,200 94,200
_______________________________________
VP1-3 have the now famous wedge-like protein fold motif shared by
most virus structures solved by X-ray crystallography. It is created
by a common CORE made up of 8 antiparallel Beta-strands forming a
Beta-barrel structure. Proteins amongst viruses mainly differ in the
loop insertions between the strands. These insersions accounts for a
lot of the virus external appearance and also are the target
structures for antibodies in the case of an animal virus. (see
below). Interestingly there is no sequence conservation in the Beta
strands structures of viruses although the structure is very well
conserved.
Here is a representation of the 8-stranded Beta barrel. The beta
strands orientation is marked with the sybols: V,^,> and < depending
on the position in the drawing. The Beta strands are labeled BIDG
and CHEF. In the first plant virus solved an A Beta strand is found
at the N terminus but is not preserved in other viruses.The loop
names are also marked on the edges (BC,HI,DE,FG,CD,EF, GH,EF).
The *** represent the 2 Alpha- helices. The helix between loop EF
and strand F is in the back.
-
( `-
*** \ EF
___>____C__ *** \
BC ( \ *** \
\ |_______ |
_\<_____H _________|_____________
HI ( \ *** | ' \
_\__\____E________>_|_/ \_
\ \ \ *** | COOH--\ \ GH
DE \ \ \ | / \ \
,_\_\<_\__F___/ / \ |
FG \ \ \ \ |_************* \ |
V ^ V ^ *************) | |
G D I B | | |
\ \ \ \ / | |
\_\__\__\_______________>---/--/---'
\ \ \ / /
CD \__\__\_____________<_/ /
\ \ /
\__\____________>_/
\
|
|
NH2
The VP4 protein is much shorter and is found only on the interior
surface of the virus. Itresults from the cleavage of VP0 into VP2
and VP4 which occurs after assembly. In poliovirus the N-terminus is
myristalated.
@- ICOSAHEDRAL CAPSID:
---------------------
60 of each of the coat proteins assemble into an icosymmetric
structure with icosahedral symmetry. Rhinovirus has triangulation
number of T=1 but is also refered to as a P=3 for Pseudo-T=3
structure. A T=3 structure occurs when all 180 (3 protein for each
of the 60 facets) are chemically identical but have to assume
slightly different neighbouring environment: The proteins which are
around the 5-fold axis have 4 neighbours whiles the ones at the 3-
fold axis have 5 neighbours.
___________________
/\ /\
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \
/ \ / \ T=1:
/ - V - \ A 20 facets
/ _ / /|\ \ _ \ Icosahedron.
/ _ / / | \ \ _ \ Contains
/ _ / / 60 \ \ _ \ 5-fold vertices.
/_ - /___|___\ - _\ T=3:
\ - _ | 20 _ - / Each of the 20
\ \ _ | - / / facets can be
\ \ _ | - / / subdivided into
\ \ _ ^ _ / / 60 total triangles.
\ | / Each of these 60
\ / \ / triangles contains
\ / \ / approximately one
\ / \ / each of the VP coat
\ / \ / proteins.
\/_________________\/
VP1 | VP1
5 Within each of the 60
. '/ \` . triangles fits about 1 each of
, / \ ` . VP1-3. The symmetry axes are
, VP1 / \ VP1 ` . \ labeled 5,2,3. p3 is a pseudo
, / VP1 \ ` ` . \ 3-fold axis within the triangle
e.
, / \ ` ` .\ Around the icosahedral
/ / \ ` VP3 ' 5-fold are five VP1s.
/ / \ `. . ./ But around the 3-fold
/ / \ / are 3 VP2s and 3 VP3s
VP3 /_______p3/ \ / / alternating.
/ \ \ / In Plant viruses with T=3
\ / \ VP3 \ VP2 / symmetry the similarity is
/ VP2 \ \ with VP1=A, VP2=C, VP3=B.
\ / \ \ / VP3
VP2__3/___________2_____\_________\3 __
\ |
\ \ / \ VP2
VP2 \ VP3 \ VP2 / \
\ \ / VP3 \
\ \_________/
\ / /
/
In T=3 plant viruses each protein is synthezised independently while in
the polioviruses they arise from the cleavage of P1 as illustrated
above. It is worh noting that the VP proteins issued from a single
P1 precursor do not form a triangular face as the previous drawing
might suggest. Instead they form what is usually refered to as the
*Biological* asymmetric
5 unit as opposed to the *crystallographic*
/ \ asymmetric unit. An asymmetric unit is
/ \ a set of minimum non-redundant information
/ \ necessary to reconstruct an icosaheron from
/ \ it using only the icosahedral symmetry.
/ \ The complete icosahedron is indeed
_______/ VP1 / mathematically obtained wether one uses
/ / / a triangular asymmetric unit or this
/ / / biological unit in which the VP3 area has only
/ /_______ / been switched to the right!
/ VP3 / \
/ / \
\ / VP2 \
\ / \
\3/_________________\
2
@- CANYON and DRUG BINDING IN VP1 HYDROPHOBIC POCKET:
----------------------------------------------------
The VP1 proteins form a small cylindrical protrusion at the 5-fold
axis. Around that protrusion is a depression sometimes refered to
as the 'canyon'. This canyon is the receiving site for the cellular
receptor which has been co-crystallized in this position by the
crystallographers at Purdue University, and also observed boud there
by cryo-EM reconstruction.
Here is a projection of the canyon onto one of the 60 triangular
facets. The scales to the left shows the position in Angstroms along
the X axis and range from 4 to 42. The bottom scale shows the size
in Angstroems for the Y axis ranging from 01 at the right to 61 at
the left; (the axis choice was slected by the crystallographers).
The canyon appears as numbers within a background of + symbols.
Numbers range from 1 to 4, 4 showing the deepest part of the canyon.
The rim of the canyon is arbitrarily set at 137 Angstroems from the
center of the particle. The output was prepared by the program V-suf
(Rossmann and Palmenberg (1988), Virology 164,373-382)
X 5-fold
*
42 1.1
40 +++++++
38 1++++++++
36 +1+++++++1+
34 ++++++1++++++++
32 +1++++++++++++++
30 +11++1+++++++++++
28 12253++11112++++++++.
26 ++++++3433311+++++++1++
24 +++++++++++311+++++++3+++
22 ++++++++++++++3233222232111+++
20 +++++++++++++++22233443333331++++
18 +++++++++++++++++++33222334++++++++
16 ++++++++++++++++()++12111122++++++++++
14 ++++++++++++++++++++++++1++++++++++++++
12 .+1++++++++++++++++++++21+++++++++++++++.
10 ++++++++++++++++++++++++1++++++++++++++++++++
8 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
6 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
4 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3-fold
__________________________________________________________________
6655555555554444444444333333333322222222221111111111000000000 <- Y
1098765432109876543210987654321098765432109876543210987654321 values
The VP1 protein has also the peculiarity of having a hydrophobic
pocket accessible from the surface via a small 'pore' entrance. It
is indicated by the symbol () in the above drawing (approximate
position). In some of the virus structures resolved by X-ray
crystallography a substance can be found in this hydrophobic cavity.
The nature of the compound is not known. It is refered to as a
Sphingolipid in the case of poliovirus and as a sugar in the case of
rhinovirus 1a, but crystallographers only see some 'extra' electron
density. The pharmaceutical company Sterling Winthrop has
synthezised compounds, often refered to as WIN-drugs, that diffuse
readily in the VP1 pocket. (see e.g. Heinz et al. J. Virol. (1989)
vol.63, pp 2476-2485, Genetic and Molecular Analyses of Spontaneous
Mutants of Human Rhinovirus14 That Are Resistant to an Antiviral
Compund). Other companies also study similar compounds (Jansen,
Chalone, Sandoz) but none of them are ready for commercial use.
WIN 52035:
---------
___ ____
| N / \ O____N
| \\__< () >-O-- /\ __/ ||
|___O/ \____/ \/ \/ \\___||__CH3
Oxazoline Phenoxy Aliphatic Isoxazole
Chain
The effect of the compound is to raise the canyon floor and prevent
attachement to the cellular receptor that now cannot fit properly in
the canyon and / or impair the uncoating of the capsid upon cell
entry. The presence of such a compound in the structure confers
thermal stability to the virion. It is suggested that this is a
trigger mechanism that allows the virus to survive in vivo. For
instance poliovirus is stable in acid conditions and survives inside
the stomach while rhinovirus does not.
@- ANTIGENIC SITES:
------------------
Antigenic sites have been determined by escape mutations (Rueckert
et al. (1986), Virus Attachement and Entry Into Cells, American
Society for Microbiology: Location of four neutralization antigens
on the three-dimensioan; surface of a common-cold picornavirus,
human rhinovirus14; Rossmann et al. (1985), Nature, 317,145-153.
Structure of the human common cold virus and functional relationship
to other picornaviruses)
Viruses were resistant to a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies.
"Mutations were clustered in the serotype-variable regions of the
amino acid sequences fo the virus capsid proteins". These antigenic
areas are found to protrude out of the surface of the virus. Refer
also to the above diagra, showing the depth of the canyon...
Four neutralization Immunogens (NIm) sites have been resolved by
cross-neutralization tests. Sites are labeled NIm IA, IB, II, and
III. The ** symbols approximate the size of the area. IB is a
smaller area than IA.
5
/ \ IA::(VP1): Q83,K85,D138,S139
/ IA\ IB::(VP1):D91,E95
/ ** \
/ \ II::(VP2):E136,S158,A159,E161,V162
/ IB \ (VP1):E210
/ / \
/ / \ III::(VP3):N72,R75,E78,G203
/ / \ (VP1):K287
/____*__ / \
/ ** * \ \
/ II ** \ * \
/ \ III* \ The major antigenic site is on the BC
3/________________\_________\3 loop in VP1 and VP3 but in the EF loop
2 in VP2.
@- AVAILABLE 3D COORDINATES:
---------------------------
Rhinovirus has been crystalized as a native virus but also with
various drugs. The group from Michael Rossmann's at Purdue
Univeristy has released those structures to the protein databank
(PDB) at brookhaven which are available on anonymous ftp
(pdb.pdb.bnl.gov [130.199.144.1]):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
PDB
ENTRY# VIRUS AUTHORS DATE
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1R1A RHINOVIRUS 1A M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 12/88
4RHV RHINOVIRUS 14(HUMAN) E.ARNOLD,M.ROSSMANN 1/88
2RS1 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 1S COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2RR1 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 1R COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2RM2 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 2 COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2RS3 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 3S COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2R04 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 4 COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2RS5 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 5S COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2R06 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 6 COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2R07 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 7 COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
1R08 RHINOVIRUS/ANTIVIRAL AGENT 8 COMPLEX M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
1R09 RHINOVIRUS 14/R61837 M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 5/90
1RMU RHINOVIRUS MUTANT((1)C199Y) M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
2RMU RHINOVIRUS MUTANT((1)V188L) M.ROSSMANN ET AL. 10/88
1HRI RHINOVIRUS 14(HUMAN)/AGENT SCH 38057 A.ZHANG,R.G.NANNI,E.ARNOLD 10/92
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2PLV POLIO VIRUS D.FILMAN,J.HOGLE 10/89
2MEV MENGO VIRUS M.ROSSMANN 4/89
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
====================================================================
Related ASCII art in the Gallery
Explore these categories from our collection of 11,000+ artworks:
,sSSs ,SSSS_/ ,_ sS/`))\// sS//|_(_/ _, SS\\\ `""-.-'` / sSS` jgs-==-'`'-._\
___________ | _______ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |_______| | |___________|
//O\\
|\/\/\/| | | | | | (o)(o) C _) | ,___| | / /____\
|HHHHH/"\"\HHHHHHH| |HH`\|_.-)'|/'dP,H| |Hb.`\\_/_//'.oddH| |HHHb|`.\/\,'|HHHH| |HHHHHb/\/\/|HHHHH| |"""""""""""""""""| | |"" /\ \ / |"" | | |__/--\ \/ __| |
_________
/___ ___\
//@@@\ /@@@\\
\\@@@/ \@@@//
\___ " ___/
| - |
\_/ jrjc Make your own ASCII art
Turn images, text or 3D into ASCII, or draw your own – right in your browser.
About this thread.
These messages were posted publicly to the newsgroup
alt.ascii-art
in 1995 and are mirrored here unchanged as part of the Historic Archives – only email addresses are masked.
The artwork and text belong to their original authors: if you copy a piece, keep the artist's initials or signature intact and credit them where you can.
Are you one of the authors? Contact us to get your posts attributed, connected to your artist profile, or removed.
Report this message
Help us keep the archive clean and accurate. Reports are reviewed by a person – nothing is changed automatically.